Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether (PGME)

Overview

Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether (CAS No: 107-98-2), also known as PGME or 1-Methoxy-2-Propanol, is a colorless liquid with a mild ether-like odor and low vapor pressure. As a member of the glycol ether family, this organic compound is miscible with water and many organic solvents.

PGME is widely used as a solvent in paints, inks, resins and cleaning products due to its low toxicity, high solvency power and controlled evaporation rate. It is particularly preferred in water-based systems as a performance enhancer.

Applications

Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether has a wide range of industrial and consumer applications:

Technical Specifications

Safety Information

Hazard Symbols and Statements

Flammable Health Hazard

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene)
• Chemical safety goggles or face shield
• Appropriate ventilation or respiratory protection in case of vapor exposure
• Chemical-resistant apron or work clothes
• Closed-toe shoes

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
• Store in stainless steel, polyethylene or glass containers
• Keep away from ignition sources as it is classified as a flammable liquid
• Storage temperature: 15-25°C
• Protect from direct sunlight

Fire Fighting

• Suitable extinguishing agents: foam, dry chemical, CO₂ or water mist
• Use water mist or alcohol-resistant foam for large fires
• Intervene with trained personnel using appropriate respiratory protection
• Combustion products may be toxic (carbon monoxide, formaldehyde)

Transportation and Storage

Transportation

• Ensure containers are tightly closed
• Ground during transportation to prevent static electricity buildup
• Avoid eating, drinking or smoking
• Provide adequate ventilation in transport vehicles
• Keep absorbent material available in case of spillage

Storage

• Store in stainless steel, polyethylene or glass containers
• Keep "Flammable Liquid" signs in storage area
• Use appropriate breathing vents in storage tanks
• Provide secondary containment for large quantities
• Install drainage systems in storage areas

Spill Response Measures

• Remove all ignition sources
• Remove exposed personnel from the area
• Use appropriate personal protective equipment
• Absorb spills with sand, chemical sponge or other absorbent materials
• Dispose of absorbed material appropriately

Regulatory Information

GHS Classification

• Flammable Liquid Category 3
• Acute Toxicity (Oral) Category 4
• Acute Toxicity (Dermal) Category 5
• Skin Irritation Category 2

Important Regulations

• REACH: Registered
• CLP: Compliant
• OSHA: Subject to Hazard Communication Standard
• NFPA 704: Health 1, Flammability 2, Reactivity 0

International Legislation

• European Union: Subject to Directive 2008/58/EC
• USA: Listed on EPA TSCA inventory
• China: Listed on IECSC inventory
• Japan: Listed on ISHL inventory

Environmental Information

Environmental Impact

Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether has low toxicity in aquatic environments and is biodegradable. It shows moderate mobility in soil and may leach into groundwater. It rapidly degrades in the atmosphere through photochemical reactions.

Biological Degradation

• Air: Photochemical reactions with 1-3 day half-life
• Water: Degradation within 7-14 days through microbial activity
• Soil: Degradation within 2-4 weeks through microbial activity

Waste Management

• Classified as hazardous waste
• Must be incinerated in licensed hazardous waste disposal facilities
• Must not be discharged into sewers or surface waters
• Dispose in accordance with local regulations

Frequently Asked Questions

How is Propylene Glycol Methyl Ether produced?

PGME is produced through the reaction of propylene oxide with methanol. This process is carried out under catalytic conditions followed by purification steps. Continuous processes are typically preferred on an industrial scale.

What is the difference between PGME and Ethylene Glycol Methyl Ether?

PGME (C₄H₁₀O₂) is propylene-based while Ethylene Glycol Methyl Ether (C₃H₈O₂) is ethylene-based. PGME has lower toxicity and provides higher solvency power. Additionally, PGME has a more controlled evaporation rate.

What are the effects of PGME on human health?

PGME is considered to have low toxicity but can still cause skin and eye irritation. Ingestion may lead to dizziness, headache and stomach discomfort. Long-term exposure should be avoided.

What are the advantages of PGME as a solvent?

PGME offers a wide range of solubility, low vapor pressure, slow evaporation and low toxicity. It is also miscible with water and can dissolve many organic compounds.

What should I do if PGME comes into contact with skin?

Remove contaminated clothing immediately and wash skin with plenty of water and soap for at least 15 minutes. If irritation persists, seek medical help. In case of eye contact, flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek immediate medical attention.