Sodium Carbonate
High purity inorganic compound used in glass manufacturing, detergents, textiles, water treatment, and chemical production.
Overview
Sodium Carbonate (CAS No: 497-19-8), commonly known as washing soda or soda ash, is a water-soluble inorganic salt. It is one of the most widely used industrial chemicals and plays a vital role in many manufacturing processes.
Sodium carbonate can be obtained naturally from trona ore or synthesized via industrial methods such as the Solvay process. It has high alkalinity and forms a basic solution when dissolved in water. It is widely used in glass, detergent, chemical, and many other industries.
Applications
Sodium Carbonate has diverse industrial and commercial applications:
Glass Manufacturing
Used to lower melting temperature and react with silica to form glass. It is used in approximately 50% of total glass production.
Detergent Industry
Used as a water softener and stain remover in laundry detergents. Also a key component in dishwasher detergents.
Chemical Production
Raw material for producing sodium bicarbonate, sodium silicate, sodium phosphate, and other sodium compounds.
Water Treatment
Used to raise water pH and remove hardness. Acts as a neutralizing agent in wastewater treatment plants.
Textile Industry
Used as a pH regulator and cleaning agent in fabric dyeing and processing. Important in processing cellulose fibers.
Other Applications
Paper production, food additive (E500), fire extinguishers, metallurgy, and petroleum refining.
Technical Specifications
| Property | Value | Unit | Test Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | Na₂CO₃ | - | - |
| CAS Number | 497-19-8 | - | - |
| EC No | 207-838-8 | - | - |
| Molecular Weight | 105.99 | g/mol | - |
| Appearance | White powder or granule | - | Visual |
| Density (25°C) | 2.54 | g/cm³ | ASTM D4052 |
| Melting Point | 851 | °C | ASTM D1015 |
| Solubility in Water (20°C) | 215 | g/L | ASTM E1148 |
| pH Value (1% sol.) | 11.5 | - | ASTM E70 |
| Purity (Na₂CO₃) | ≥99.2 | % | ASTM E359 |
Safety Information
Hazard Symbols and Statements
Irritant Health Hazard
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
- Chemical resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene)
- Dust mask or respirator (in high concentrations)
- Safety goggles or face shield
- Lab coat or protective clothing
Storage Conditions
- Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
- Keep tightly closed in original packaging
- Storage temperature: 15-30°C
- Keep away from acids and moisture
Handling and Storage
Handling
- Ensure containers are tightly closed
- Transport separately from acids and moisture
- Protect from moisture during transport
Spill Measures
- Evacuate personnel from the area
- Use appropriate PPE
- Clean up without creating dust
- Wash the area with plenty of water
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate?
Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is a stronger base with higher pH. Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) is milder and commonly used in food. Both treat water hardness, but carbonate is stronger.
Is sodium carbonate safe in food?
Yes, food-grade sodium carbonate (E500) is safe in recommended doses, used as a leavening agent and acidity regulator.
For baking and food applications, see our Sodium Bicarbonate.