Sodium Bicarbonate

Overview

Sodium Bicarbonate (CAS No: 144-55-8), commonly known as baking soda, is a versatile chemical widely used in food, cleaning, personal care, and industrial applications. It is used as a food additive under the code E500.

Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base that reacts with acids to release carbon dioxide gas. This property makes it ideal as a leavening agent. It is soluble in water, glycerol, and alcohol, but insoluble in ether. It occurs naturally as the mineral nahcolite.

Applications

Sodium Bicarbonate has a wide variety of industrial, commercial, and household applications:

Technical Specifications

Safety Information

Hazard Symbols and Statements

Irritant

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Dust mask (when exposed to high concentrations of dust)
• Chemical goggles (when working with powder form)
• Laboratory coat or appropriate work clothing

Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place
• Keep in original packaging, tightly closed
• Storage temperature: 15-30°C
• Keep away from acids and moisture
• Store separately from flammable materials

Fire Fighting

• Non-flammable, but decomposes at high temperatures
• Suitable extinguishers: Water, dry chemical, CO₂
• Toxic gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) may be released during fire
• Firefighting personnel should use appropriate respiratory protection

Handling and Storage

Transportation

• Ensure containers are tightly closed
• Transport protected from acids and moisture
• Carry cleaning materials for spill situations
• Provide adequate ventilation in transport vehicles
• Handle carefully to prevent dust formation

Storage

• Store in polyethylene, polypropylene, paper, or multi-layer bags
• Provide appropriate signs in storage areas
• Use pallets when storing large quantities
• Storage shelves should be dry and clean
• Do not store with acids

Measures to be Taken in Case of Spillage

• Clean using dust mask and goggles
• Clean without dispersing dust into the air
• Use vacuum cleaner or damp cloth
• Use broom and dustpan for large spills
• Follow local regulations for waste disposal

Regulatory Information

GHS Classification

• Eye Irritation Category 2
• Respiratory Tract Irritation Category 3

Important Regulations

• FDA: GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status
• EFSA: Approved as food additive (E500)
• REACH: Registered
• USP: Meets pharmaceutical quality standards
• FCC: Compliant with Food Chemicals Codex

Food Compliance Certificates

• Kosher certified (optional)
• Halal certified (optional)
• GMO-free
• Aluminum-free

Environmental Information

Environmental Impact

Sodium bicarbonate shows low toxicity in aquatic and terrestrial environments. May be harmful to aquatic life at high concentrations. Easily degrades in nature and is biodegradable.

Biodegradation

• Air: Does not degrade by photochemical reactions
• Water: Rapidly dissolves and neutralizes through natural processes
• Soil: Does not degrade by microbial activity but is harmless

Waste Management

• Not classified as hazardous waste
• Can be disposed of in licensed waste disposal facilities
• May be discharged to sewer or surface waters in controlled manner
• Dispose of in accordance with local regulations

Frequently Asked Questions

Is sodium bicarbonate the same as baking powder?

Sodium bicarbonate in pure form is called baking soda. However, "baking powder" sold in stores is usually a mixture of sodium bicarbonate, an acidic component (usually cream of tartar), and a moisture absorber.

Why is sodium bicarbonate used in foods?

Sodium bicarbonate is used in foods as a leavening agent (E500), acidity regulator, and shelf-life extender. It reacts with acidic foods to release carbon dioxide gas, which causes dough to rise.

Is sodium bicarbonate harmful to health?

Food-grade sodium bicarbonate is considered safe when consumed in recommended doses. However, excessive consumption may disrupt sodium balance in the body. May cause stomach discomfort in sensitive individuals.

How should sodium bicarbonate be stored?

Should be stored in a cool, dry, airtight container. Keep away from moisture and acids. When stored properly, shelf life is 2-3 years.

What should I do if sodium bicarbonate comes into contact with skin?

Wash with plenty of water. Prolonged contact may cause dryness. May cause irritation on sensitive skin. In case of eye contact, wash eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention.